William W. Caldwell (born 1925) is a United States federal judge.
Born in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Caldwell was in the United States Army Air Corps during World War II, from 1944 to 1945. He received an A.B. from Dickinson College in 1948 and an LL.B. from Dickinson School of Law in 1951. He was in private practice in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania from 1951 to 1970. He was a First assistant district attorney (part-time), Dauphin County, Pennsylvania from 1960 to 1962. He was a Counsel and chairman, Pennsylvania Board of Arbitration of Claims from 1963 to 1970. He was a judge on the Common Pleas Court, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania from 1970 to 1982.
Caldwell was a federal judge on the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. Caldwell was nominated by President Ronald Reagan on February 19, 1982, to a seat vacated by R. Dixon Herman. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 18, 1982, and received his commission on March 19, 1982. He assumed senior status on May 31, 1994.